Cannabinoids and gastrointestinal motility: Pharmacology, clinical effects, and potential therapeutics in humans

Cannabinoid agents and cannabis are frequently used for relief of diverse gastrointestinal symptoms. The objective of this article is to increase the awareness of gastroenterologists to the effects of cannabinoids on gastrointestinal motility, as gastroenterologists are likely to encounter patients who are taking cannabinoids, or those with dysmotility that may be associated with cannabinoid mechanisms.